Noun and Different Types with Examples and Activities

Noun and different types with examples and activities. If you want to know what is Noun?. What are different types of noun?. Function of noun?. Here you will get complete details and description of Noun.

Different Types of Nouns are as follow.

1. Concrete and Abstract Nouns?
2. Singular and Plural Nouns?
3. Countable and Non-Countable Nouns?
4. Collective Nouns?
5. Compound Nouns?
6. Common and Proper Nouns?
7. The Material Noun?

All details for the above different types of nouns are explained below in details with examples and proper activities and as well as self assessment.

Read the following passage carefully:

There is a wide difference in the tastes of breakfast eaters. Some people, teen-age girls especially, prefer to eat no breakfast at all- or perhaps a piece of toast and a glass of milk. Many women take only a cup of coffee and glass of juice, while others eat a hearty morning meal and watch their calories at lunchtime.

Men generally like a more substantial meal, sometimes two or three courses, including fruit, cereal and eggs. Un-like other meals, breakfast may, and should, be prepared “to order”. That is, if daughter Seema truly dislikes eggs she may be given a dish of cold cereal, but Father Fareed should not therefore be deprived of his scrambled eggs.

In setting the breakfast table, Mother Shehla puts out just those utensils which will be needed by each person.

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A variety of cold cereals, milk, cream, sugar, salt and pepper and jams or jellies may be placed in the center of the table or on a convenient side table but who ever is doing the cooking serves the hot food directly onto the plates and places them in front of those sitting at the table.

The Setting is as Follows.

Coffee cups with spoons lying at the right of the saucers or mugs, or at the right of each plate if the coffee is served from the kitchen. If it is served by mother at the table, cups and saucers, mugs and coffee pot are beside her place. Glass for milk or water, to the right and above the spoons.

Function of Noun

Now read the first paragraph once again. You will notice that in the paragraph there are certain words which identity either someone or something. Let’s choose some of these words and make a list of them.

List of words # 1	List of words # 2
breakfast eaters	lunchtime
breakfast	Men
people	meal
teen-age girls	Courses
piece of toast	fruit
glass of milk	cereal
calories	eggs
daughter	father

These words are known as nouns. A noun names a person, place, thing, action, quality or an idea.

ACTIVITY # 1

Read the second paragraph of the above passage and make a list of the nouns present.

Concrete and Abstract Nouns

A noun which names a physical object that can be Perceived by the senses (e.g. we can see and touch a thing) is known as concrete noun.

In the list of nouns given above the nouns like people, girls, piece of toast, glass of milk, daughter, fruit etc. are concrete nouns.

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Abstract Noun

Abstract noun is the name of some quality, state or action considered apart from the object to which it belongs as

Quality: Truth, bravery, wisdom, kindness.
State: Death, sickness, health, slavery.
Action: Theft, hatred, Laughter.

ACTIVITY # 2

Below are given some nouns. Differentiate them into concrete and abstract nouns and write them separately in two columns.

Flower, charts, grief, justice spoons, favoritism, conception, papers, purse, jealousy, mankind, delicacy, fish feet, juice, lungs, thinking, outlook, appearance, tea, advice, milk, covers, coffee.

Singular and Plural Nouns

You might have noticed that in the list of nouns above there are certain nouns which represent either one item or thing or many items. The noun which represents one person, place or thing is known as singular noun, e.g. man, cat, mango, flower, foot.

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The noun which stands for more than one person, place or things is known as plural nouns, e.g. mangoes, cats, men, flowers, feet.

Countable and Non-Countable Nouns

Besides singular and plural nouns in the above list there are words like:

Mankind, milk, tea, coffee, juice, cereal, sugar etc.

You will notice that these words cannot be calculated in terms of numbers. So we can say that these words do not have their singulars or plurals.

All such words which do not tell the numbers but give the quantity when measured are known as Non-Countable Nouns.

On the other hand the nouns which can be easily counted are known as Countable Nouns.

Examples: Fork, Knife, Plate, Glass, Spoons, Eggs, Toast, Napkins, etc.

Few Exceptions.

Countable nouns, e.g. a piece of bread, a piece of furniture etc.

Certain non-countable nouns can be converted into Some non-countable nouns may be used in a countable sense in a sentence.

1. At seventy she did not have even one grey hair (Singular).
2. The girl with grey hair is very beautiful (Plural).
3. We had chicken for dinner (Singular).
4. There were many chickens in the yard (Plural).

Collective Nouns

There are certain nouns which are neither singular nor plural but they stand for a group of people, animals or things and can be used in singular as well as plural sense. They are known as collective nouns.

Examples

List 1	List 2	List 3	List 4
group	army	public	press
flock	club	assembly	crowd
class	team	govt.	crew
herd	family	nation

But always keep one thing in mind that collective nouns are used with plural verbs when the speaker or writer is referring to the individual parts or members of the group acting separately, and they are used with singular verbs when the statement refers to the group acting together as a unit.

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Example

• The army was ready to make its forward movement.
• All soldiers in the army were fit.

In the first sentence “army” acts as a unit therefore, singular verb “was” has been used. Whereas in the second sentence we are talking about individual members of the group army” therefore we have used plural verb “were”.

More examples

1. The army has won the territory.
2. The soldiers in the army have been fighting courageously.
3. Press has played its due role.
4. The members of press have struggled hard.
5. It is a flock of beautiful birds.
6. The birds in the flock are very beautiful.

ACTIVITY # 3

A few collective nouns have been given below. Use each of these nouns in 2 sentences of your own, once with a singular verb and once with a plural verb.

Committee, Jury, Herd, Audience, Faculty.

How Different Nouns form their Plurals.

There are a number of ways in which singular nouns form their plurals. Some of them are enlisted below.

1. In many cases only ‘S is added to the singular noun to change it into plural.

Examples.

Books, Tables, Pencils, Spoons, Forks

• If singular noun ends in S, X, Ch, Sh, Ox plural is formed by adding “es”.

Examples

Singular	Plural
Dutch	Dutches
Bush	Bushes
Box	Boxes
Match	Matches
Kiss	Kisses

• In case a noun ends in ‘f’ or ‘fe’ is dropped and ‘ve’ is added.

Examples.

Singular	Plural
Leave	Leaves
Life	Lives
Wife	Wives
Dwarf	Dwarves
Knife	Knives
Loaf	Loaves

• Some nouns ending in ‘F or “fe’ can be made plural by adding ‘S’ only.

Examples.

Singular	Plural
Safe	safes
Cafe	Cafes
Handkerchief	Handkerchiefs
Chief	Chiefs

• If a singular noun ends in ‘y’ it forms its plural by dropping ‘Y’ and adding “ies’.

Examples.

Singular	Plural
Cry	Cries
Fly	Flies
Spy	Spies
Puppy	Puppies
Hobby	Hobbies
Penny	Pennies

• Some words are always singular

Examples.

Singular	Plural
Sheep	Sheep
Deer	Deer
Hair	Hair
Fish	Fish
News	News

• If a noun ends in ‘0’ es is sometimes added, especially in the following cases.

Examples.

Singular	Plural
Hero	Heroes
Echo	Echoes
Potato	Potatoes
Negro	Negroes
Volcano	Volcanoes

But the plurals of the following Nouns ending in ‘O are formed by adding. “s only” as,

Singular	Plural
Canto	Cantos
Quarto	Quartos
Piano	Pianos
Dynamo	Dynamos

Some nouns form their plural in an irregular way. A few examples are given below:

• An internal change
  Man              :              men
  Foot              :              feet
  Mouse          :              mice
  Woman        :              women

1. Singular and Plurals of Miscellaneous Words and letters etc,
   There are some words etc. the plurals of which do not conform to any rule given below:

ACTIVITY # 4

Write plural forms of the following nouns.

Assessment # 1	Assessment # 2	Assessment # 3	Assessment # 4
Apple	Roof	Volcano	Apricot
Brother	Dish	Means	Motto
Country	Cargo	Chief	Studio
Series	Stomach	Wharf	Valley
Lady	Goat	Church	Thief
Mouse	Goose

Compound Nouns.

If you read the passage on pages again very carefully, you’ll find that there are certain words which have a short hyphen between them or they are linked without a hyphen.

Let’s make a list of such words.

Compound Nouns List # 1	Compound Nouns List # 2
Breakfast eaters	Coffee Cups
Bread-and-Butter	Every One
Butter knife	Turn Table
Grape fruit	Teaspoon
Side table	Coffee pot

These words or group of words are known as compound Nouns.

Let’s consider a few more examples.

Compound Nouns List 1	Compound Nouns List 2
Basket ball	Commander-in-Chief
Bathroom	Father-in-Law
Common Sense	Great- Grand -Father

Compound Nouns consist of the following composite forms.

1. Noun + Noun = Bedroom, grammar book.
2. Adjective + Noun = Blackboard, Blue Print, Common Sense, Good girl.
3. Verb + Noun = Pickpocket, Dance, Team, Flashlight.
4. Noun + Verb = Hand shake, Ant eater, Milk shake.
5. Gerund + Noun = Dining room, Punching bag, Sitting room, Dining hall,
6. Noun+ Gerund = Fortunetelling, House cleaning, Water skiing.

ACTIVITY # 5

A few statements have been given below.

Rewrite each of the following and make compound nouns:

Example: A shelf for books.   Bookshelf

1. A table that we use beside a bed.
2. A jar made of glass.
3. A bed for a baby.
4. The cover of a book.
5. A coat made of leather.
6. The top of table.

ACTIVITY # 6

Think of ten more compound nouns and write them in your note book.

Common and Proper Nouns

Common Noun	Proper Noun
Father	Fareed
Daughter	Seema
Mother	Shehla

In the examples above father, mother and daughter stand for any father, mother or daughter but Fareed is the name of particular father. Similarly Seema is the name of a particular daughter. From this example we can conclude that there are two classes of nouns.

1. Common Nouns
2. Proper Nouns

A Common noun names any one of a group of persons, places or things and is not written with a capital letter. Whereas a proper noun names a particular person, place or thing and is always capitalized.

Some more Examples:

Common Noun	Proper Noun
Glass	Fiber glass
Plate	Quaid-e-Azam
Mother	Karachi
Meals	Lahore
Girl	Dining Table
Utensil	Allama Iqbal
Teenage	Kaleem

The Material Noun

It is the name of a matter or substance of which anything is made; as, Silver, Iron, Steel, milk.

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Self Assessment Questions

1. What do you understand by the term, “Collective Nouns’? Can you think of ten collective nouns other than those given in the above Article?
2. Can you differentiate between non-countable and collective nouns? Discuss with the help of suitable examples.
3. What are the compound nouns? Can you make Compound nouns of the following?

Noun	Compound Noun	Noun	Compound Noun
Armed		Hair
Table		Meat
Screw		Snow
Lemon		Tea
Milk		Ink
Book		Week